美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)早在今年(2020年)2月初就为了应对各类医疗器械的紧缺发布了各类EUA紧急使用授权,随后在今年的3月2日及27日又发行了个人防护设备的EUA。
包括:
呼吸机EUA
个人防护装备EUA
体外诊断EUA
原文链接:
https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/emergency-situations-medical-devices/emergency-use-authorizations
其中个人防护设备EUA解读
01.发布时间及适用产品
02.注意事项
EUA授权的口罩均不能用于个人,只能是医护人员
03.EUA申请流程
①:递交申请(附相关资料)
②:FDA根据产品类型提交需要注册的资料清单
③:企业按要求递交相关资料
④:FDA对其进行审批
⑤:企业根据要求进行整改
⑥:FDA最终做出决定(其审批时间可能加快至半个月)
04.EUA认可标准和证书
产品面向医用市场,则产品满足以下标准或者认证即可:
欧盟CE 认证
澳大利亚ARTG
加拿大Health Canada Licence
日本PMDA/ MHLW
或以下相关标准:
或者直接获得美国NIOSH认证(限以下三种类型)
1) Non-powered air-purifying particulate FFRs and reusable respirators such as elastomeric half and full face piece respirators, approved by NIOSH in accordance
with 42 CFR Part 84 and listed on the NIOSH Certified Equipment list (CEL) for non-powered air purifying respirators with particulate protection;
2) Other powered air purifying respirators (PAPRs) approved by NIOSH, in accordance with 42 CFR Part 84, and that are listed on the NIOSH CEL for PAPRs
with particulate protection, and;
3) FFRs that were NIOSH-approved but have since passed the manufacturers’ recommended shelf-life, are not damaged, and have been held in accordance with manufacturers’ storage conditions in strategic stockpiles,
for use in healthcare settings by HCPs .
原文链接:
https://www.fda.gov/media/136403/download
产品面向个人市场,则产品应获得NIOSH认证
05.特别注意
CDC优化呼吸器供应策略中推荐的NIOSH替代标准,除了中国标准:GB 2626-2006外,其他均被EUA采纳。
这就意味着,中国标准不能用于EUA申请。
即使中国标准口罩被认为可以提供给个人使用,但目前必须再通过NIOSH认证。
原文链接:
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/respirators-strategy/crisis-alternate-strategies.html